Dr. Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
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Dr. Karl Wah-Keung Tsim

Research Director/VP of Research
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, China


Highest Degree
Ph.D. in Molecular Neurobiology from University of Cambridge, UK

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Area of Interest:

Pharmacology and Toxicology
100%
Pharmacology
62%
Peptide Protein Research
90%
Molecular Cell Endocrinology
75%
Neuroscience
55%

Research Publications in Numbers

Books
0
Chapters
0
Articles
0
Abstracts
0

Selected Publications

  1. Zou, X.H., H.Q. Xie, G.C. Zha, V.P. Chen and Y.J. Sun et al., 2013. Characterizations of cholinesterases in golden apple snail (Pomacea canaliculata). J. Mol. Neurosci. 10.1007/s12031-013-0168-4.
    CrossRef  |  
  2. Zhu, K.Y., S.L. Xu, R.C.Y. Choi, A.L. Yan, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Kai-Xin-San, a Chinese herbal decoction containing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Poria, stimulates the expression and secretion of neurotrophic factors in cultured astrocytes. Evidence Based Complementary Alternative Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/731385.
    CrossRef  |  
  3. Zhang, W.L., R.C.Y. Choi, J.Y.X. Zhang, J.P. Chen, W.K.W. Luk, P. Yao and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Can Hedysari Radix replace Astragali Radix in Danggui Buxue Tang, a Chinese herbal decoction for woman aliment? Phytomedicine, 20: 1076-1081.
    CrossRef  |  
  4. Zhang, W.L., K.Y.Z. Zheng, K.Y. Zhu, J.Y.X. Zhan and C.W.C. Bi et al., 2013. Chemical and biological assessment of angelica roots from different cultivated regions in a chinese herbal decoction danggui buxue tang. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/483286.
    CrossRef  |  
  5. Zhan, J.Y.X., W.L. Zhang, K.Y.Z. Zheng, K.Y. Zhu and J.P. Chen et al., 2013. Chemical changes of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma by wine treatment: Chemical profiling and marker selection by gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Chin. Med. J., Vol. 8. 10.1186/1749-8546-8-12.
    CrossRef  |  
  6. Zhan J.Y.X., K.Y.Z. Zheng, K.Y. Zhu, W.L. Zhang and C.W.C. Bi et al., 2013. Importance of wine-treated Angelica Sinensis Radix in Si Wu Tang, a traditional herbal formula for treating women's ailments. Planta Med., 79: 533-537.
    CrossRef  |  
  7. Zha, G.G., V.P. Chen, W.K.W. Luk, X.G. Zou, R.C.Y. Choi and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Characterization of Acetylcholinesterase in Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis) from South China sea. Chem. Biol. Interact., 203: 277-281.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  
  8. Yu, H., W.L. Zhang, X.T. Ding, K.Y.Z. Zheng, C.M. Ho, K.W.K. Tsim and Y.K. Lee, 2013. Optimizing A combination of flavonoids deriving from Astragali Radix in activating the regulatory element of erythropoietin by a feedback system control scheme. Evidence Based Complementary Alternative Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/541436.
    CrossRef  |  
  9. Xu, S.L., K.Y. Zhu, C.W.C. Bi, R.C.Y. Choi and M. Abudureyimu et al., 2013. Flavonoids induce the expression of synaptic proteins, synaptotagmin and post-synaptic density protein-95, in cultured rat cortical neuron. Planta Med. 10.1055/s-0033-1351023.
    CrossRef  |  
  10. Xu, S.L., C.W.C. Bi, R.C.Y. Choi, K.Y. Zhu, A. Miernisha, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Flavonoids induce the synthesis and secretion of neurotrophic factors in cultured rat astrocytes: A signaling response mediated by estrogen receptor. Evidence-Based Complementary Alternative Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/127075.
    CrossRef  |  
  11. Su, J.Y., Q.F. Xie, W.J. Liu, P. Lai and D.D. Liu et al., 2013. Peri-menopause amelioration of a TCM recipe composed of Radix Astragali, Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Folium Epimedii: An in vivo study on natural aging rat model. Evidence Based Complementary Alternative Med. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/aip/747240/.
  12. Maiwulanjiang, M., K.Y. Zhu, J.P. Chen, A. Miernisha and S.L. Xu et al., 2013. Song Bu Li decoction, a traditional Uyghur medicine, protects cell death by regulation of oxidative stress and differentiation in cultured PC 12 cells. Evidence Based Complementary Alternative Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/687958.
    CrossRef  |  
  13. Li, C.Y., D.T. Lau, T.T. Dong, J. Zhang and R.C. Choi et al., 2013. Dual-indexes evaluation of character changes for Panax ginseng C. A. Mey stored in different conditions. J. Agric. Food Chem., 61: 6568-6573.
    CrossRef  |  
  14. Kong, L.W., R.C.Y. Choi, K.W.K. Tsim, N. Jing, D.K. Nakayama and Z. Wang, 2013. Distribution and expression of Kirre, an IgSF molecule, during postnatal development of rat cerebellum. Neurosci. Lett., 543: 22-26.
    CrossRef  |  
  15. Du, C.Y.Q., R.C.Y. Choi, K.Y.Z. Zheng, T.T.X. Dong, D.T.W. Lau and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Yu Ping Feng San, An ancient Chinese herbal decoction containing Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Saposhnikoviae Radix, regulates the release of cytokines in murine macrophages. PLoS One, Vol. 8. 10.1371/journal.pone.0078622.
    CrossRef  |  
  16. Choi, R.C.Y., V.P. Chen, W.K.W. Luk, A.W.Y. Yung, A.M. Ng, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Expression of cAMP-responsive element binding proteins (CREBs) in fast- and slow-twitch muscles: A signaling pathway to account for the synaptic expression of collagen-tailed subunit (ColQ) of acetylcholinesterase at the rat neuromuscular junction. Chem. Biol. Interact., 203: 282-286.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  
  17. Choi, R.C.Y., J.T.T. Zhu, A.W.Y. Yung, P. Lee and S.L. Xu et al., 2013. Synergistic action of flavonoids, baicalein and daidzein in estrogenic and neuroprotective effects: A development of potential health products and therapeutic drugs against alzheimer's diseas. Evidence Based Complement Alternative Med., Vol. 2013. 10.1155/2013/635694.
    CrossRef  |  
  18. Choi, R.C.Y., G.K.Y. Chu, N.L. Siow, A.W.Y. Yung and L.Y. Yung et al., 2013. Activation of UTP-sensitive P2Y2 receptor induces the expression of cholinergic genes in cultured cortical neurons: A signaling cascade triggered by Ca2+ mobilization and ERK phosphorylation. Mol. Pharmacol., 84: 50-61.
    CrossRef  |  
  19. Chen, J., Z. Li, M. Maiwulanjiang, W.L. Zhang and J.Y.X. Zhan et al., 2013. Chemical and biological assessment of Ziziphus jujuba fruits from China: Different geographical sources and developmental stages. J. Agric. Food Chem., 61: 7315-7324.
    CrossRef  |  Direct Link  |  
  20. Chan, G.K.L., K.Y. Zhu, D.J.Y. Chou, A.J.Y. Guo, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2013. Surveillance of nitrite level in cubilose: Evaluation of removal method and proposed origin of contamination. Food Control, 34: 637-644.
    CrossRef  |  
  21. Zhu, K.Y., Q.Q. Mao, S.P. Ip, R.C.Y. Choi and T.T.X. Dong et al., 2012. A standardized chinese herbal decoction, kai-xin-san, restores decreased levels of neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors in the brain of chronic stress-induced depressive rats. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., Vol. 2012. 10.1155/2012/149256.
    CrossRef  |  
  22. Zhu, K.Y., K.W. Leung, A.K. Ting, Z.C. Wong and W.Y. Ng et al., 2012. Microfluidic chip based nano liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of abused drugs and metabolites in human hair. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 402: 2805-2815.
    CrossRef  |  
  23. Zheng, K.Y.Z., Z.X. Zhang, A.J.Y. Guo, C.W.C. Bi and K.Y. Zhu et al., 2012. Salidroside stimulates the accumulation of HIF-1α protein resulted in the induction of EPO expression: A signaling via blocking the degradation pathway in kidney and liver cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 679: 34-39.
    CrossRef  |  
  24. Zheng, K.Y.Z., R.C.Y. Choi, A.J.Y. Guo, C.W.C. Bi and K.Y. Zhu et al., 2012. The membrane permeability of Astragali Radix-derived formononetin and calycosin is increased by Angelicae Sinensis Radix in Caco-2 cells: A synergistic action of an ancient herbal decoction Danggui Buxue Tang. J. Pharmaceutical Biomed. Anal., 70: 171-679.
    CrossRef  |  
  25. Zhang, W.L., K.Y.Z. Zheng, K.Y. Zhu, J.Y.X. Zhan and C.W.C. Bi et al., 2012. Chemical and biological assessment of Angelica herbal decoction: Comparison of different preparations during historical applications. Phytomedicine, 19: 1042-1048.
    Direct Link  |  
  26. Xu, S.L., R.C. Choi, K.Y. Zhu, K.W. Leung and A.J. Guo et al., 2012. Isorhamnetin a flavonol aglycone from Ginkgo biloba L., induces neuronal differentiation of cultured pc12 cells: Potentiating the effect of nerve growth factor. Evid Based Complement Alternat. Med., 10.1155/2012/278273.
    CrossRef  |  
  27. Xu, H., Z.R. Su, W. Huang, R.C.Y. Choi and Y.Z. Zheng et al., 2012. Er Zhi Wan an ancient herbal decoction for woman menopausal syndrome, activates the estrogenic response in cultured MCF-7 cells: An evaluation of compatibility in defining the optimized preparation method. J. Ethnopharmacol, 143: 109-115.
    CrossRef  |  
  28. Xie, Q.F., J.H. Xie, T.T. Dong, J.Y. Su and D.K. Cai et al., 2012. Effect of a derived herbal recipe from an ancient Chinese formula, Danggui Buxue Tang, on ovariectomized rats. J. Ethnopharmacol., 144: 567-575.
    CrossRef  |  
  29. Wang, T.J., R.C. Choi, J. Li, C.W. Bi and W. Ran et al., 2012. Trillin, a compound isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica, exerts the protection effects against hyperlipidemia and oxidation. J. Ethnopharmacol, 139: 214-220.
  30. Tsim, K.W.K. and H. Soreq, 2012. Acetylcholinesterase: Old questions and new developments. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 10.3389/fnmol.2012.00101.
    CrossRef  |  
  31. Luk, W.K.W., V.P. Chen, R.C.Y. Choi and K.W.K. Tsim, 2012. N-linked glycosylation of dimeric acetylcholinesterase in erythrocytes is essential for enzyme maturation and membrane targeting. FEBS J., 279: 3229-3239.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  
  32. Ip, P.S., K.W.K. Tsim, K. Chan and R. Bauer, 2012. Application of complementary and alternative medicine on neurodegenerative disorders: Current status and future prospects. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., Vol.2012. 10.1155/2012/930908.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  
  33. Guo, A.J.Y., R.C.Y. Choi, Y.Z. Zheng, V.P. Chen and T.T.X. Dong et al., 2012. Kaempferol induces osteoblastic differentiation via estrogen receptor signaling in cultured osteoblasts: A flavonoid deriving from herbal for against post-menopausal osteoporosis. Chin. Med. J., 7: 10-15.
  34. Chan, W.K.B., V.P. Chen, W.K.W. Luk, R.C.Y. Choi and K.W.K. Tsim, 2012. N-linked glycosylation of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) is not required for assembly and trafficking of globular tetrameric acetylcholinesterase. Neurosci Lett., 523: 71-75.
    CrossRef  |  PubMed  |  
  35. Chan, P.H., K.Y.Z. Zheng, K.W.K. Tsim and H.H.N. Lam, 2012. Metabonomic analysis of water extracts from Chinese and American ginsengs by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance: Identification of chemical profile for quality control. Chin. Med., Vol. 7. 10.1186/1749-8546-7-25.
    CrossRef  |  
  36. Bi, C.W.C., L. Xu, X.Y. Tian, J. Liu and K.Y.Z. Zheng et al., 2012. Fo Shou San, an ancient Chinese herbal decoction, protects endothelial function through increasing.endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity. PLoS ONE, Vol. 10.1371/journal.pone.0051670.
    CrossRef  |  
  37. Zhu, K.Y., Q. Fu, K.W. Leung, Z.C. Wong, R.C. Choi and K.W. Tsim, 2011. The establishment of a sensitive method in determining different neurotransmitters simultaneously in rat brains by using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatography B, 879: 737-742.
    CrossRef  |  
  38. Zhu, K.Y., K.W. Leung, A.K. Ting, Z.C. Wong and Q. Fu et al., 2011. The establishment of a highly sensitive method in detecting ketamine and norketamine simultaneously in human hairs by HPLC-Chip-MS/MS. Forensic Sci. Int., 208: 53-58.
    CrossRef  |  
  39. Zheng, K.Y., R.C. Choi, A.W. Cheung, A.J. Guo and C.W. Bi et al., 2011. Flavonoids from Radix Astragali induce the expression of erythropoietin in cultured cells: A signaling mediated via the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. J. Agric. Food Chem., 59: 1697-1704.
    CrossRef  |  
  40. Zheng, K.Y., A.J. Guo, C.W. Bi, K.Y. Zhu and G.K. Chan et al., 2011. The extract of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma induces the accumulation of HIF-1α via blocking the degradation pathway in cultured kidney fibroblasts. Planta Med., 77: 894-899.
    CrossRef  |  
  41. Zhao, K.J., Y.Z. Zheng, T.X. Dong and W.K. Tsim, 2011. Analysis of HPLC fingerprints of fructus aurantii from different habitats and contents of naringin, neohesperidin and synephrine. Chin. Pharm. J., 46: 955-959.
    Direct Link  |  
  42. Zhan, J.Y.X., Q. Fu, D. Ran, D.T.W. Lau and K.Y.Z. Zheng et al., 2011. Study on determination of indigo and indirubin contents and HPLC fingerprints of Isatidis Folium from various sources. Mod. Chin. Med., 13: 15-24.
  43. Zhan, J.Y., K.Y. Zheng, K.Y. Zhu, C.W. Bi, W.L. Zhang and C.Y.Q. Du et al., 2011. Chemical and biological assessment of Angelicae Sinensis Radix after processing with wine: An orthogonal array design to reveal the optimized conditions. J. Agric. Food Chem., 59: 6091-6098.
    CrossRef  |  
  44. Wu, P.K., W. Tai, R.C. Choi, K.W. Tsim and H. Zhou et al., 2011. Chemical and DNA authentication of taste variants of Gynostemma pentaphyllum herbal tea. Food Chem., 128: 70-80.
    CrossRef  |  
  45. Liu, H., K.W. Tsim, G.X. Chou, J.M. Wang, L.L. Ji and Z.T. Wang, 2011. Phenolic compounds from the rhizomes of Dioscorea bulbifera. Chem. Biodivers., 8: 2110-2116.
    CrossRef  |  
  46. Kong, L., R.C. Choi, H.Q. Xie, X. Wang and G. Peng et al., 2011. Expression of the IgSF protein Kirre in the rat central nervous system. Life Sci., 88: 590-597.
    CrossRef  |  
  47. Guo, A.J., R.C. Choi, A.W. Cheung, V.P. Chen and S.L. Xu et al., 2011. Baicalin a flavone, induces the differentiation of cultured osteoblasts an action via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J. Biol. Chem., 286: 27882-27893.
    Direct Link  |  
  48. Choi, R.C.Y., Q.T. Gao, A.W.H. Cheung, J.T.T. Zhu and F.T.C. Lau et al., 2011. A Chinese herbal decoction, danggui buxue tang, stimulates proliferation, differentiation and gene expression of cultured osteosarcoma cells: Genomic approach to reveal specific gene activation. Evidence-Based Compl. Altern. Med., Vol. 2011. 10.1093/ecam/nen085.
    CrossRef  |  
  49. Chen, V.P., W.K. Luk, W.K. Chan, K.W. Leung and A.J. Guo et al., 2011. Molecular assembly and biosynthesis of acetylcholinesterase in brain and muscle: The roles of t-peptide, FHB domain and N-linked glycosylation. Front. Mol. Neurosci., Vol. 4. .
    PubMed  |  
  50. Chen, V.P., R.C. Choi, W.K. Chan, K.W. Leung and A.J. Guo et al., 2011. The Assembly of Proline-rich Membrane Anchor (PRiMA)-linked Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme: Glycosylation is required for enzymatic activity but not for oligomerization. J. Biol. Chem., 286: 32948-32961.
    CrossRef  |  
  51. Zhu, K.Y., Q. Fu, H.Q. Xie, S.L. Xu and A.W. Cheung et al., 2010. Quality assessment of a formulated Chinese herbal decoction, Kaixinsan, by using rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry: A chemical evaluation of different historical formulae. J. Separation Sci., 33: 3666-3674.
    CrossRef  |  
  52. Zheng, Y.Z., R.C.Y. Choi, J. Li, H.Q.H. Xie and A.W.H. Cheung et al., 2010. Ligustilide suppresses the biological properties of Danggui Buxue Tang: A Chinese herbal decoction composed of radix astragali and radix angelica sinensis. Planta Med., 76: 439-443.
    CrossRef  |  
  53. Zheng, K.Y., R.C. Choi, H.Q. Xie, A.W. Cheung and A.J. Guo et al., 2010. The expression of erythropoietin triggered by Danggui Buxue Tang a Chinese herbal decoction prepared from Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis, is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor in cultured HEK293T cells. J. Ethnopharmacol., 132: 259-267.
    CrossRef  |  
  54. Yung, H.S., K.H. Lai, K.B. Chow, N.Y. Ip and K.W.K. Tsim et al., 2010. Nerve growth factor-induced differentiation of PC12 cells is accompanied by elevated adenylyl cyclase activity. Neurosignals, 18: 32-42.
    CrossRef  |  
  55. Xie, H.Q., K.W. Leung, V.P. Chen, G.K.L. Chan and S.L. Xu et al., 2010. PRiMA directs a restricted localization of tetrameric AChE at synapses. Chem. Biol. Interactions, 187: 78-83.
    CrossRef  |  
  56. Xie, H.Q., D. Liang, W.K.W. Leung, V.P. Chen and K.Y. Zhu et al., 2010. Targeting acetylcholinesterase to membrane rafts: A function mediated by the proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) in neurons. J. Biol. Chem., 285: 11537-11546.
    CrossRef  |  
  57. Wang, T., R.C. Choi, J. Li, J. Li and C.W. Bi, 2010. Antihyperlipidemic effect of protodioscin, an active ingredient isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica. Planta Med., 76: 1642-1646.
    CrossRef  |  
  58. Tsim, K.W.K., K.W. Leung, K.W. Mok, V.P. Chen and K.Y. Zhu et al., 2010. Expression and localization of PRiMA-linked globular form acetylcholinesterase in vertebrate neuromuscular junctions. J. Mol. Neurosci., 40: 40-46.
    CrossRef  |  
  59. Siow, N.L., R.C. Choi, H.Q. Xie, L.W. Kong and G.K. Chu et al., 2010. ATP induces synaptic gene expressions in cortical neurons: transduction and transcription control via P2Y1 receptors. Mol. Pharmacol., 78: 1059-1071.
    CrossRef  |  
  60. Lin, H.Q., R. Choi, K.L. Chan, D. Ip, K.W.K. Tsim and D.C. Wan, 2010. Differential gene expression profiling on the muscle of acetylcholinesterase knockout mice: A preliminary analysis. Chem. Biol. Interactions, 187: 120-123.
    CrossRef  |  
  61. Li, J., A.W.H. Cheung, C.W.C. Bi, R. Duan and K.Y.Z. Zheng et al., 2010. Quality evaluation of Radix Glehniae (Glehnia littoralis) by HPLC-DAD: chromatographic fingerprinting and quantitative analysis of the herbs from different regions of China. Asian J. Traditional Med., 5: 40-48.
    Direct Link  |  
  62. Guo, A.J.Y., H.Q. Xie, R.C.Y. Choi, K.Y.Z. Zheng and C.W.C. Bi et al., 2010. Galangin, a flavonol derived from Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum, inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro. Chem. Biol. Interactions, 187: 246-248.
    CrossRef  |  
  63. Choi, R.C.Y., J.T.T. Zhu, K.W. Leung, G.K.Y. Chu and H.Q.H. Xie et al., 2010. A flavonol glycoside, isolated from roots of Panax notoginseng, reduces amyloid-β-induced neurotoxicity in cultured neurons: Signaling transduction and drug development for alzheimer's disease. J. Alzheimer Dis., 19: 795-811.
    CrossRef  |  
  64. Choi, R.C., Z. Jiang, H.Q. Xie, A.W. Cheung and D.T. Lau et al., 2010. Anti-oxidative effects of the biennial flower of Panax notoginseng against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in cultured PC12 cells. Chin. Med. J., 5: 1-7.
    Direct Link  |  
  65. Chen, V.P., H.Q. Xie, W.K.B. Chan, K.W. Leung, R.C.Y. Choi and K.W.K. Tsim, 2010. An induction effect of heat shock on the transcript of globular acetylcholinesterase in NG108-15 cells. Chem. Biol. Interactions, 187: 106-109.
    CrossRef  |  
  66. Chen, V.P., H.Q. Xie, W.K. Chan, K.W. Leung and G.K. Chan et al., 2010. The PRiMA-linked cholinesterase tetramers are assembled from homodimers: Hybrid molecules composed of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase dimers are up-regulated during development of chicken brain. J. Biol. Chem., 285: 27265-27278.
    Direct Link  |  
  67. Bi, C.W.C., H.Q.H. Xie, L. Xu, J. Li and A.W.H. Cheung et al., 2010. Fo shou san an ancient herbal decoction prepared from rhizoma chuanxiong and radix angelicae sinensis, stimulates the production of hemoglobin and erythropoietin in cultured cells. Planta Med., 78: 122-127.
    CrossRef  |  
  68. Bi, C.W., H.Q. Xie, L. Xu, J. Li and A.W. Cheung et al., 2010. Fo Shou San, an ancient herbal decoction prepared from Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Radix Angelicae Sinensis, stimulates the production of hemoglobin and erythropoietin in cultured cells. Planta Med., 76: 1525-1529.
    CrossRef  |  
  69. Zhu, J.T.T., R.C.Y. Choi, J. Li, H.Q. Xie and C.W.C. Bi et al., 2009. Estrogenic and neuroprotective properties of scutellarin from Erigeron breviscapus: A drug against postmenopausal symptoms and Alzheimer's disease. Planta Med., 75: 1489-1493.
    CrossRef  |  
  70. Zhu, J.T.T., R.C.Y. Choi, H.Q.H. Xie, K.Y.Z. Zheng and A.J.Y. Guo et al., 2009. Hibifolin, a flavonol glycoside, prevents β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons. Neurosci. Lett., 461: 172-176.
    CrossRef  |  
  71. Xie, H.Q., R.C.Y. Choi, K.W. Leung, V.P. Chen, G.K.Y. Chu and K.W.K. Tsim, 2009. Transcriptional regulation of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) of globular form acetylcholinesterase in neuron: An inductive effect of neuron differentiation. Brain Res., 1265: 13-23.
    CrossRef  |  
  72. Ng, Y.P., Z.K. Wu, H. Wise, K.W.K. Tsim, Y.H. Wong and N.Y. Ip, 2009. Differential and synergistic effect of nerve growth factor and cAMP on the regulation of early response genes during neuronal differentiation. Neurosignals, 17: 111-120.
    CrossRef  |  
  73. Mok, K.W., K.W. Leung, H.Q. Xie, A.J.Y. Guo and V.P. Chen et al., 2009. A new variant of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) of acetylcholinesterase in chicken: expression in different muscle fiber types. Neurosci. Lett., 461: 202-206.
    CrossRef  |  
  74. Liu, W.J., D.K. Cai, L.F. Liu, P. Lai, T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim and Z.R. Su, 2009. HPLC determination of astragaloside IV in Danggui Buxue tablets. Chin. J. Pharm. Anal., 29: 1553-1555.
  75. Li, W.Z.M., J. Li, C.W.C. Bi, A.W.H. Cheung and W. Huang et al., 2009. Can rhizoma chuanxiong replace radix angelica sinensis in a traditional chinese herbal decoction-danggui buxue tang? Planta Med., 75: 602-606.
    CrossRef  |  
  76. Li, J., Z.M. Li, W. Huang, R. Duan and W.C. Bi et al., 2009. Study on the fingerprint and quality of Herba Audrograghidis from different habitats. Mod. Chin. Med., 11: 21-24.
  77. Li, J., W.Z.M. Li, W. Huang, A.W.H. Cheung and W.C. Bi et al., 2009. Quality evaluation of Rhizoma Belamcandae (Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.) by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. J. Chromatography A, 1216: 2071-2078.
    CrossRef  |  
  78. Leung, K.W., H.Q. Xie, V.P. Chen, G.K.Y. Chu, R.C.Y. Choi and K.W.K. Tsim, 2009. Restricted localization of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) of globular form acetylcholinesterase at the neuromuscular junctions: Contribution and expression from motor neurons. FEBS J., 276: 3031-3042.
    CrossRef  |  
  79. Kuijun, Z., Z. Li, X. Chen, T. Dong and K.W. Tsim, 2009. Rationality of mixed preparation of traditional herbal decoction: From the perspective of Danggui Buxue tang. World Sci. Technol.-Modernization Traditional Chin. Med. Mater. Med., 11: 294-298.
    CrossRef  |  
  80. Guo, A.J.Y., R.C.Y. Choi, A.W.H. Cheung, J. Li and I.X.Y. Chen et al., 2009. Stimulation of Apolipoprotein A-IV expression in Caco-2/TC7 enterocytes and reduction of triglyceride formation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by traditional Chinese medicines: Potential in developing anti-obesity drugs. Chin. Med. J., 4: 5-10.
    CrossRef  |  
  81. Duan, R., R.G. Xue, J. Li, S.H. Yang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2009. Quality evaluation of radix angelicae sinensis. Mod. Chin. Med., 11: 27-29.
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  83. Chang, X.L., Z.Y. Jiang, Y.B. Ma, X.M. Zhang, K.W.K. Tsim and J.J. Chen, 2009. Two new compounds from the roots of Ligusticum chuanxiong. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 11: 805-810.
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  84. Chan, K.N., C.C. Lau, K.L. Chow, K.M. Ko, K.W.K. Tsim and K.M. Ng, 2009. Effect of extraction solvent on the bioactivity of an herbal formulation. Indu. Eng. Chem. Res., 48: 4852-4857.
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  85. Xie, H.Q, K.W. Leung, V.P. Chen, F.T.C. Lau, L.S. Liu, R.C.Y. Choi, K.W.K. Tsim, 2008. The promoter activity of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) of globular form acetylcholinesterase in muscle: Suppressive roles of myogenesis and innervating nerve. Chem. Biol. Interact., 175: 79-82.
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  86. Wei, J.F., K.J. Zhao, R. Duan, T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim, 2008. Pharmacognostic identification of herba drymariae. Res. Pract. Chin. Medi., 21: 17-18.
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  88. Li, H.Y., L.L. Zhang, C.M. Zhang, X.P. Liu, Y.L. Liu, K.W.K. Tsim and C. Hu, 2008. Synthesis and anti-platelet aggregative activity of the mannich bases of 4-chromanones and 4-chromones. Fine Chem. Intermed., 38: 13-17.
  89. Lau, F.T.C., R.C.Y. Choi, H.Q. Xie, K.W. Leung, and V.P. Chen et al ., 2008. Myocyte enhancer factor 2 mediates the muscular activity-induced expression of acetylcholinesterase associated collagen ColQ in cultured myotubes: a signaling cascade in driving the differential expression of ColQ in muscles. Mol. Cell Neurosci., 39: 429-438.
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  91. Fu, H., W. Li, J. Luo, N.T. Lee and M. Li et al., 2008. Promising anti-Alzheimer's dimer bis(7)-tacrine reduces beta-amyloid generation by directly inhibiting BACE-1 activity. Biochem.Biophys. Res. Commun., 366: 631-636.
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  92. Choi,R.C.Y., J.Simon, K.W.K. Tsim and E.A. Barnard, 2008. Constitutive and agonist-induced dimerizations of the P2Y1 receptor: Relationship to internalization and scaffolding. J. Biol. Chem., 283: 11050-11063.
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  93. Choi, R.C.Y., M.K.W. Mok, A.W.H. Cheung, N.L. Siow, H.Q. Xie, K.W.K. Tsim, 2008. Regulation of PRiMA-linked G4 AChE by a cAMP-dependent signaling pathway in cultured rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Chem.Biol. Interact., 175: 76-78.
  94. Zhu, J.T.Y., R.C. Choi, G.K. Chu, A.W. Cheung and Q.T. Gao,et al., 2007. Flavonoids possess neuroprotective effects on cultured pheochromocytoma PC12 cells: a comparison of different flavonoids in activating estrogenic effect and in preventing beta-amyloid-induced cell death. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55: 2438-2445.
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  95. Zhu, H., W. Gao, H. Jiang, Y.F. Shi, K.W.K. Tsim and X.J. Zhang, 2007. Regulation of acetylcholinesterase expression by calcium signaling during calcium ionophore A23187-and thapsigargin-induced apoptosis. Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol., 39: 93-108.
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  96. Xie, H.Q., R.C.Y. Choi, K.W. Leung, N.L. Siow and L.W. Kong ert al., 2007. Regulation of a transcript-encoding the proline rich membrane anchor (PRiMA) of globular muscle acetylcholinesterase: The suppressive roles of myogenesis and innervating nerves. J. Biol. Chem., 282: 11765-11775.
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  97. Ng, K.L., C.C. Lam, Z.B. Fu, Y.F. Han, K.W.K. Tsim and W.K.R. Wong, 2007. Cloning and characterization of the yjeA gene, encoding a novel deoxyribonuclease, from Bacillus subtilis. J. Biochem., 142: 647-654.
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  98. Li, W.M., J. Xue, C.Y. Niu, H.J. Fu and C.S.C. Lam et al., 2007. Synergistic neuroprotection by bis-(7)-tacrine via concurrent blockade of N-methyl-D-asparatate receptors and neuronal nitric oxide synthase. Mol. Pharmacol., 71: 1258-1267.
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  99. Li, J., X.B. Dong, Y. Jiang, T.T.X. Dong, P.F. Tu and K.W.K.Tsim, 2007. HPLC determination of total saponins in Radix Polygalae. Chin. J. Pharm. Anal., 27: 1329-1332.
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  100. Li, J., X. Dong, Y. Jiang, Q. Gao, Y. Jiang and A.W.H. Cheung et al., 2007. Simultaneous determination of phenols in Radix Polygalae by high performance liquid chromatography: quality assurance of the herbs from different cultivated regions and seasons. J. Sep. Sci., 30: 2583-2589.
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  101. Gao, Q.T., J.K.H. Cheung, J. Li, Z.Y. Jiang and G.K.Y. Chu et al., 2007. A Chinese herbal decoction Danggui Buxue Tang stimulates the release of cytokines in cultured T-lymphocytes: a signal triggered by extracellular signal-regulated kinase. FEBS. Lett., 581: 5087-5093.
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  102. Gao, Q.T., J. Li, J.K.Cheung, J. Duan and A. Ding et al ., 2007. Verification of the formulation and efficacy of Danggui Buxue Tang (a decoction of Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis): an exemplifying systematic approach to revealing the complexity of Chinese herbal medicine formulae. Chinese Medi. J., 2: 12-22.
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  103. Gao, Q.T., J. Li, , G.K. Chu, R. Duan and A.W. Cheung et al., 2007. Danggui buxue tang--a Chinese herbal decoction activates the phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and estrogen receptor alpha in cultured MCF-7 cells. FEBS Lett., 581: 233-240.
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  104. Gao, Q.T., G.X. Chou, T.T.X. Dong, J. Li, R. Duan, A.W.H. Cheung and K.W.K. Tsim, 2007. Identification and quality control of Radix et Rhizoma Gentianae by chemical fingerprint: evaluation of gentiopicrin from different cultivated regions in China. Asian. J. Tradition. Medi., 4: 121-129.
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  105. Fu, H., Y. Liu, Y. Lao, W. Liu and C. Chen et al., 2007. Mitochondrial proteomic analysis and characterization of the intracellular mechanisms of Bis(7)-tacrine in protecting against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in primary cultured neurons. J. Proteome Res., 6: 2435-2446.
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  106. Dong, X.B., J. Li, Y. Zheng, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2007. Preparation of tenuifolin from Radix Polygalae for reference substance. Traditional Chin. Drug Res. Clin. Pharmacol., 18: 53-54.
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  107. Dong, X.B., J. Li, Y. Jiang, Y. Zheng, T.T.X. Dong, P.F. Tu K.W.K. Tsim, 2007. Determination of tenuifolin in Tianwang Buxinwan and Guipiwan by HPLC. J. Chinese Materia Medica, 32: 1647-1649.
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  108. Chou, G.X., Q.T. Gao, J. Li, R. Duan and A.W.H. Cheung et al., 2007. Identification and quality control of Radix Codonopsis by chemical fingerprint: Evaluation of lobetyolin from different cultivated regions in China. Oriental Pharm. Exp. Med., 6: 293-299.
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  109. Choi, R.C.Y., A.K.L. Ting, F.T.C. Lau, H.Q. Xie and K.W. Leung et al., 2007. Calcitonin gene-related peptide induces the expression of acetylcholinesterase-associated collagen ColQ in muscle: A distinction in driving two different promoters between fast-and slow-twitch muscle fibers. J. Neurochem., 102: 1316-1328.
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  110. Chiu, P.Y., H.Y. Leung, A.H. Siu, M.K. Poon, T.T. Dong, W.K. Tsim and K.M. Ko, 2007. Dang-Gui Buxue Tang protects against oxidant injury by enhancing cellular glutathione in H9c2 cells: role of glutathione synthesis and regeneration. Planta Medica., 73: 134-141.
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  111. Zhao, K.J., M. Zhong, E.L. Yang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2006. Effect of processing of radix Angelicae sinensis in Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) on the contents of bioactive constituents. Chin. Traditional Herbal Drugs, 12: 1813-1816.
  112. Zhao, K.J., M. Zhong, E.L. Yang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2006. Effect of drug ratio changes of Radix Angelicae Sinensis to Radix Astragali in Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) on the contents of constituents. China Pharm., 9: 1032-1034.
  113. Zhang, X.X., X.H. Chen, T.X. Dong, K.W. Tsim, X.D. Wang and K.S. Bi, 2006. Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in Radix Codonopsis and Radix Gentianae by solid-phase extraction and capillary gas chromatography. J. Shenyang Pharm. Univ., 23: 776-781.
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  114. Xia, Q., T.X. Dong, K.W. Tsim, Z.G. Huang and P. Zhang, 2006. HPLC-ELSD determination of platycodin E in Radix Platycodonis of different sources. China J. Pharm. Anal., 26: 637-639.
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  115. Xia, Q., T.X. Dong, K.W. Tsim, K.W. Leung and S.P. Li, 2006. Inhibition effect of curdione on platelet aggregation induced by ADP in rabbits. Chin. Pharmacol. Bull., 22: 1151-1152.
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  116. Wu, X.M., H. Dai, L.X. Huang, X.M. Gao, K.W. Tsim and P.F. Tu, 2006. A fructan, from Radix Ophiopogonis, stimulates the proliferation of cultured lymphocytes: Structural and functional analyses. J. Nat. Prod., 69: 1257-1260.
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  117. Wen, H.M., X.H. Chen, T.X. Dong, K.W. Tsim and K.S. Bi, 2006. Determination of heavy metals in four traditional Chinese medicines by ICP-MS. China J. Chin. Mater. Med., 31: 1314-1317.
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  118. Wan, J.B., P. Li, S.P. Li, Y.T. Wang, T.T. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2006. Simultaneous determination of 11 saponins in Panax notoginseng using HPLC-ELSD and pressurized liquid extraction. J. Separation Sci., 29: 2190-2196.
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  119. Wan, D.C., X. Zhang, N.L. Siow, H.Q. Xie and K.W. Tsim, 2006. Chick acetylcholinesterase promoter regulation. J. Mol. Neurosci., 30: 33-34.
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  120. Tsim, K.W.K., H.Q. Xie, A.K. Ting, N.L. Siow, K.K. Ling and L.W. Kong, 2006. Transcriptional control of different acetylcholinesterase subunits in formation and maintenance of vertebrate neuromuscular junctions. J. Mol. Neurosci., 30: 189-192.
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  121. Mak, D.H.F., P.Y. Chiu, T.T. Dong, K.W. Tsim and K.M. Ko, 2006. Dang-Gui Buxue Tang produces a more potent cardioprotective effects than its component herb extracts and enhances glutathione status in rat heart mitochondria and erythrocytes. Phytotherapy Res., 20: 561-567.
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  122. Li, W., N.T. Lee, H. Fu, K.K. Kan and Y. Pang et al., 2006. Neuroprotection via inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by bis(7)-tacrine. NeuroReport, 17: 471-474.
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  123. Li, S.P., G.H. Zhang, Q. Zeng, Z.G. Huang, Y.T. Wang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2006. Hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharide, with antioxidation, isolated from cultured Cordyceps mycelia. Phytomedicine, 13: 428-433.
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  124. Li, S.P., F.Q. Yang and K.W. Tsim, 2006. Quality control of Cordyceps sinensis, a valued traditional Chinese medicine. J. Pharm. Biomed Anal., 41: 1571-1584.
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  125. Li, S.P. and K.W. Tsim, 2006. Quality Control of Cordyceps Sinensis, a Valued Traditional Chinese Medicine. In: Recent Progress in Medicinal Plants, Anil, K., J.N. Sharma and V.K.S. Govil (Eds.). Studium Press, USA.
  126. Ji, Z.N., W.Y. Zhao, G.R. Liao, R.C.Y. Choi, C.K. Lo, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2006. In vitro estrogenic activity of formononetin by two bioassay systems. Gynecol. Endocrinol., 22: 578-584.
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  127. Ji, Z.N., T.T. Dong, W.C. Ye, R.C.Y. Choi, C.K. Lo and K.W. Tsim, 2006. Ginsenoside Re attenuate β-amyloid and serum-free induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. J. Ethnopharmacol., 107: 48-52.
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  128. Gao, Q.T., J.K.H. Cheung, J. Li, G.K.Y. Chu and R. Duan et al., 2006. A Chinese herbal decoction, danggui buxe tang, prepared from radix astragali and radix angelicae sinensis stimulates the immune responses. Planta Med., 72: 1227-1231.
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  129. Fu, H., W. Li, Y. Lao, J. Luo and N.T. Lee et al., 2006. Bis(7)-tacrine attenuates beta amyloid-induced neuronal apoptosis by regulating L-type calcium channels. J. Neurochem., 98: 1400-1410.
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  130. Dong, T.T., J.K. Zhao, G.T. Qiut, N.J. Zhao and D. Ran et al., 2006. Chemical and biological assessment of a Chinese herbal decoction containing radix astragali and radix angelicae sinensis: Determination of drug ratio in having optimized properties. J. Agric. Food Chem., 54: 2767-2774.
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  131. Zhao, K.J., T.T.X. Dong, C.K. Lo, P.F. Tu and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Species identification of Dyers woad leaf by DNA sequences of 5S-rRNA spacer domain and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Oriental Pharm. Exp. Med., 5: 117-123.
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  132. Yang, F.Q., S.P. Li, Y. Chen, S.C. Lao, Y.T. Wang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Identification and quantitation of eleven sesquiterpenes in three species of Curcuma rhizomes by pressurized liquid extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Pharm. Biomed Anal., 39: 552-558.
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  133. Yang, F.Q., S.P. Li, Y. Chen, Q.Q. Liu, Y.T. Wang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. The fingerprint of Ezhu by GC-MS. Acta Pharm. Sin., 40: 1013-1018.
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  134. Yang, F.Q., S.P. Li, Y. Chen, Q.Q. Liu, Y.T. Wang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Quantitative determination of curcumol, germacrone and curdione from Zedoray Rhizome by GC-MS. Chin. J. Pharm. Anal., 25: 827-830.
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  135. Xia, Q., K.J. Zhao, Z.G. Huang, P. Zhang, T.T.X. Dong, S.P. Li and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Molecular genetic and chemical assessment of Rhizoma Curcumae in China. J. Agric. Food Chem., 53: 6019-6026.
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  136. Wu, X.M., X.M. Gao, K.W.K. Tsim and P.F. Tu, 2005. An arabinogalactan isolated from the stems of Cistanche deserticola induces the proliferation of cultured lymphocytes. Int. J. Biol. Macromolecules, 37: 278-282.
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  137. Tsim, K.W.K., 2005. Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT, Chinese Angelica decoction): A sample trial in TCM standardization. Asia-Pacific Biotech News (APBN), 8: 1316-1321.
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  138. Ting, A.K.L., S.L. Siow, L.W. Kong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Transcriptional regulation of acetylcholinesterase-associated collagen ColQ in fast-and slow-twitch muscle fibers. Chem. Biol. Interact, 157-158: 63-70.
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  139. Ling, K.K.Y., N.L. Siow, R.C.Y. Choi and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. ATP potentiates the formation of AChR aggregate in the co-culture of NG108-15 cells with C2C12 myotubes. FEBS Lett., 579: 2469-2474.
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  140. Li, W.M., R.B. Pi, H.N. Chan, H.J. Fu and N.T.K. Lee et al., 2005. Novel dimeric AChE inhibitor bis(7)-tacrine, but not Donepezil, prevents glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis by blocking NMDA receptors. J. Biol. Chem., 280: 18179-18188.
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  141. Huang, W.Z., T.T.X. Dong, H.Y. Qi, Z.Q. Lu and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Identification of Stellaria medica by PCR. J. Chin. Pharm. Sci., 14: 144-148.
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  142. Dong, T.T.X., K.J. Zhao, W.Z. Huang, K.W. Leung and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Orthogonal array design in optimizing the extraction conditions of active constituents from roots of Panax notoginseng. Phytotherapy Res., 19: 684-688.
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  143. Cui, X.M., L.S. Xu, Q. Wang, Z.J. Chen, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Determination of dencichine in Radix Notoginseng. Chin. Pharm. J., 40: 1017-1019.
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  144. Chou, G.X., T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim, Z.T. Wang and Z.L. Yu, 2005. Quantitative detection of gentiopicrin in Radix Gentianae. Shanghai J. Traditional Chin. Med., 39: 53-55.
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  145. Cheung, J.K.H., S.P. Li and K.W.K. Tsim, 2005. Authentication and quality control of Cordyceps sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine known as summer-grass winter-worm. Oriental Pharm. Exp. Med., 5: 262-271.
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  146. Carles, M., M.K. Cheung, S. Moganti, T.T. Dong, K.W. Tsim, N.Y. Ip and N.J. Sucher, 2005. A DNA microarray for the authentication of toxic traditional Chinese medicinal plants. Planta Med., 71: 580-584.
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  147. Tung, E.K., R.C. Choi, N.L. Siow, J.X. Jiang and K.K. Ling et al., 2004. P2Y2 receptor activation regulates the expression of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine receptor genes at vertebrate neuromuscular junctions. Mol. Pharmacol., 66: 794-806.
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  148. Tsim, K.W.K., R.C.Y. Choi, N.L. Siow, A.W.M. Cheng and K.K.Y. Ling et al., 2004. The Role of P2Y1 Nucleotide Receptors in the Formation and Maintenance of the Skeletal Neuromuscular Junctions. In: Cholinergic Mechanisms, Fisher, A. and H. Soreq (Eds.). Martin Dunitz, London.
  149. Song, Z.H., C.K. Lo, T.T.X. Dong, O.T.W. Li and Z.N. Ji et al., 2004. Chemical and biological assessment of a traditional Chinese herbal decoction prepared from Radix Astragali and Radix Angelica Sinensis: Orthogonal array design to optimize the extraction of chemical constituents. Planta Med., 70: 1222-1227.
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  150. Ling, K.K., N.L. Siow, R.C. Choi, A.K. Ting, L.W. Kong and K.W. Tsim, 2004. ATP Potentiates agrin-induced achr aggregation in cultured myotubes: Activation of rhoa in p2y1 nucleotide receptor signaling at vertebrate neuromuscular junctions. J. Biol. Chem., 279: 31081-31088.
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  151. Li, S.P., Z.H. Song, T.T.X. Dong, C.K. Lo, S.Q. Zhu and K.W.K. Tsim, 2004. Distinction of water-soluble constituents between natural and cultured Cordyceps by capillary electrophoresis. Phytomedicine, 11: 684-690.
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  152. Li, S.P., P. Li, C.M. Lai, Y.X. Gong and K.K. Kan et al., 2004. Simultaneous determination of ergosterol, nucleosides and their bases from natural and cultured Cordyceps by pressurised liquid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A, 1036: 239-243.
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  153. Lee, H.H., R.C. Choi, A.K. Ting, N.L. Siow, J.X. Jiang, J. Massoulie and K.W. Tsim, 2004. Transcriptional regulation of acetylcholinesterase-associated collagen ColQ: Differential expression in fast and slow twitch muscle fibers is driven by distinct promoters. J. Biol. Chem., 279: 27098-27107.
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  154. Lao, S.C., S.P. Li, K.K.W. Kan, P. Li and J.B. Wan et al., 2004. Identification and quantification of 13 components in Angelica sinensis (Danggui) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with pressurized liquid extraction. Analytica Chim. Acta, 526: 131-137.
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  155. Chou, G.X., T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim, Z.L. Yu and Z.T. Wang, 2004. Preparation methods for detection of gentiopicrin in Radix Gentianae. Res. Practice Chin. Med., 18: 38-40.
  156. Zhao, K.J., T.T.X. Dong, X.M. Cui, P.F. Tu and K.W.K. Tsim, 2003. Genetic distinction of radix adenophorae from its adulterants by the DNA sequence of 5S-rRNA spacer domains. Am. J. Chin Med., 31: 919-926.
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  157. Zhao, K.J., T.T. Dong, P.F. Tu, Z.H. Song, C.K. Lo and K.W. Tsim, 2003. Molecular genetic and chemical assessment of radix Angelica (Danggui) in China. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 2576-2583.
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  158. Tsim, K.W.K., R.C.Y. Choi, N.L. Siow, A.W.M. Cheng and K.K.Y. Ling et al., 2003. ATP induces post-synaptic gene expressions in vertebrate skeletal neuromuscular junction. Brain Cell Biol., 32: 603-617.
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  159. Liu, R.X., T.T. Zhou, T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim and K.S. Bi, 2003. Establishment of HPLC fingerprint analysis for the quality assessment of Angelica sinensis. Chin Pharm. J., 38: 757-760.
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  160. Li, S.P., K.J. Zhao, Z.N. Ji, Z.H. Song and T.T. Dong et al., 2003. A polysaccharide isolated fromCordyceps sinensis a traditional Chinese medicine, protects PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury. Life Sci., 73: 2503-2513.
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  161. Jiang, J.X., R.C. Choi, N.L. Siow, H.H. Lee, D.C. Wan and K.W. Tsim, 2003. Muscle induces neuronal expression of acetylcholinesterase in neuron-muscle co-culture transcriptional regulation mediated by cAMP-dependent signaling. J. Biol. Chem., 278: 45435-45444.
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  162. Dong, T.T., X.Q. Ma, C. Clarke, Z.H. Song, Z.N. Ji, C.K. Lo and K.W. Tsim, 2003. Phylogeny of Astragalus in China: Molecular evidence from the DNA sequences of 5S rRNA spacer, ITS and 18S rRNA. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 6709-6714.
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  163. Dong, T.., X.M. Cui, Z.H. Song, K.J. Zhao, Z.N. Ji, C.K. Lo and K.W. Tsim, 2003. Chemical assessment of roots of Panax notoginseng in China: Regional and seasonal variations in its active constituents. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 4617-4623.
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  164. Ding, K., J.N. Fang, T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim and H.M. Wu, 2003. Characterization of a rhamnogalacturonan and a xyloglucan from Nerium indicum and their activities on PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. J. Nat. Prod., 66: 7-10.
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  165. Cui, X.M., C.K. Lo, K.L. Yip, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2003. Authentication of Panax notoginseng by 5S-rRNA spacer domain and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Planta Med., 69: 584-586.
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  166. Choi, R.C., N.L. Siow, A.W. Cheng, K.K. Ling and E.K. Tung et al., 2003. ATP acts via P2Y1 receptors to stimulate acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine receptor expression: Transduction and transcription control. J. Neurosci., 23: 4445-4456.
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  167. Cheng, A., L.W. Kong, E.K.K. Tung, N. Siow and R.C.Y. Choi et al., 2003. cDNA encodes Xenopus P2Y(1) nucleotide receptor: Expression at the neuromuscular junctions. NeuroReport, 14: 351-357.
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  168. Barnard, E.A., J. Simon, K.W.K. Tsim, A.K. Filippov and D.A. Brown, 2003. Signalling pathways and ion channel regulations of P2Y receptors. Drug. Dev. Res., 59: 36-48.
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  169. Tsim, K.W. and E.A. Barnard, 2002. The signaling pathways mediated by P2Y nucleotide receptors in the formation and maintenance of the skeletal neuromuscular junction. Neurosignals, 11: 58-64.
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  170. Su, Z.R., X.D. Huang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. The development of TCM formula and patent drugs. Traditional Chin. Drug Res. Clin. Pharmacol., 13: 343-345.
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  171. Su, Z.R., L. Liu, T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. The heat-induced degradation of magnolol and honokiol in supercritical fluid CO2 extraction from Magnolia bark. Acta Pharma. Sinica, 37: 870-875.
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  172. Su, Z.R., Chen, X.L. Shen, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. Comments on the change of drug nature and innovation of Chinese patent drugs in the preparing process. Traditional Chin. Drug Res. Clin. Pharmacol., 13: 1-4.
  173. Siow, N.L., R.C. Choi, A.W. Cheng, J.X. Jiang, D.C. Wan, S.Q. Zhu and K.W. Tsim, 2002. A cyclic AMP-dependent pathway regulates the expression of acetylcholinesterase during myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. J. Biol. Chem., 277: 36129-36136.
    CrossRef  |  
  174. Ma, X.Q., Q. Shi, J.A. Duan, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. Chemical analysis of Radix Astragali (Huangqi) in China: A comparison with its adulterants and seasonal variations. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50: 4861-4866.
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  175. Li, S.P., Z.R. Su, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. The fruiting body and its caterpillar host of Cordyceps sinensis show close resemblance in main constituents and anti-oxidation activity. Phytomedicine, 9: 319-324.
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  176. Cui. X.M., T.T.X. Dong, W.Z. Huang, Z.J. Chen and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. Determination of flavonoids in Pana notoginseng. Chin. Trad Herb Drugs, 33: 611-612.
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  177. Cui, X.M., T.X. Dong, Z.J. Chen, C.L. Wang and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. Studies on the change of polysaccharides in Panax notoginseng collected at different times and from regions. Chin Pharm. J., 37: 819-820.
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  178. Cui, X.M., T.T.X. Dong, Z.J. Chen and K.W.K. Tsim, 2002. Identification on Panax notoginseng and its adulterants by HPLC fingerprint chromatogram. Chin Trad Herb Drugs, 33: 941-943.
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  179. Su, Z.R., T.T.X. Dong, K.M. Chan and K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. The separation and reconstitution of active ingredients of TCM. Chin. Traditional Patent Med., 23: 615-616.
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  180. Ma, X.Q., T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. Determination of water-soluble constituents from the drug materials of ''Honghua''. J. Pharmaceutical Practice, 18: 310-311.
  181. Ma, X.Q., D.Y. Zhu, S.P. Li, T.T.X. Dong and K.W K. Tsim, 2001. Authentic identification of stigma Croci (stigma of Crocus sativus) from its adulterants by molecular genetic analysis. Planta Med., 67: 183-186.
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  182. Li, S.P., P. Li, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. Anti-oxidation activity of different types of naturalCordyceps sinensis and culturedCordyceps mycelia. Phytomedicine, 8: 207-212.
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  183. Li, S.P., P. Li, T.T. Dong and K.W. Tsim, 2001. Determination of nucleosides in natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis, 22: 144-150.
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  184. Li, S.P., P. Li, H. Ji, P. Zhang, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. The nucleotides contents and their variation in natural Cordyceps sinensis and cultured Cordyceps mycelia. Acta Pharma Sinica, 36: 436-439.
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  185. Li, S.P., H. Ji, P. Li, T.T.X. Dong, K.W.K. Tsim and W.Q. Li, 2001. Advance of anti-tumor for Cordyceps sinensis. Chin. Traditional Herbal Drugs, 32: 373-375.
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  186. Fu, A.K., W.Y. Fu, J. Cheung, K.W. Tsim, F.C. Ip, J.H. Wang and N.Y. Ip, 2001. Cdk5 is involved in neuregulin-induced AChR expression at the neuromuscular junction. Nat. Neurosci., 4: 374-381.
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  187. Dong, T.T.X., X.M. Cui, X.Q. Ma and K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. Chemical comparison of Radix Notoginseng (Sanqi) from different regions of China. Analytical. Sci., 17: 467-472.
  188. Dong, T.T.X., C.K. Lo, K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. [The identification of Hippocampus by HPCE]. J. Chin. Med. Materials, 24: 328 -329.
    PubMed  |  
  189. Choi, R.C.Y., N. Siow, S.Q. Zhu, D.C.C. Wan, Y.H. Wong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2001. The cAMP-mediated expression of acetylcholinesterase in myotubes shows contrary regulation between avian and mammalian enzymes. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 17: 732-745.
  190. Choi, R.C., M.L. Man, K.K. Ling, N.Y. Ip, J. Simon, E.A. Barnard and K.W. Tsim, 2001. Expression of the P2Y1 nucleotide receptor in chick muscle: Its functional role in the regulation of acetylcholinesterase and acetylcholine receptor. J. Neurosci., 21: 9224-9234.
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  191. Carles, M., T. Lee, S. Moganti, R. Lenigk and K.W. Tsim et al., 2001. Chips and Qi: Microcomponent-based analysis in traditional Chinese medicine. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 371: 190-194.
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  192. Bian, Y., P. Li, Z. Gao, Y. Wang, K. Zhou, K.W.K. Tsim, T.T.X. Dong, 2001. Application of RAPD in the taxonomy of the genus Fritillaria. J. Chin Med. Materials., 232: 13-16.
  193. Yung, L.Y., K.W. Tsim, G. Pei and Y.H. Wong, 2000. Immunoglobulin G1 Fc fragment-tagged human opioid receptor-like receptor retains the ability to inhibit cAMP accumulation. Biol. Signals, 9: 240-247.
  194. Wang, Y., K. Zhou, L. Xu, T.T. Dong and K.W. Tsim, 2000. Authentication of an animal crude drug, Zaocys, by diagnostic PCR. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 23: 585-588.
    PubMed  |  
  195. Wan, D.C., R.C. Choi, N.L. Siow and K.W. Tsim, 2000. The promoter of human acetylcholinesterase is activated by a cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate-dependent pathway in cultured NG108-15 neuroblastoma cells. Neurosci. Lett., 288: 81-85.
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  196. Ma, X.Q., TT.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2000. Active compounds determination of Crocus sativus and its related species by HPLC. J. Pharm Practice, 42: 213-2172.
  197. Ma, X.Q., J.A. Duan, D.Y. Zhu, T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2000. Chemical comparison of Astragali Radix (Huangqi) from different regions of China. Nat. Med., 54: 213-218.
    Direct Link  |  
  198. Ma, X.Q., J.A. Duan, D.Y. Zhu, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2000. Species identification of Radix Astragali (Huangqi) by DNA sequence of its 5S-rRNA spacer domain. Phytochemistry, 54: 363-368.
  199. Li, S.P., P. Li, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2000. Implication and prospect of bio-chip on the identification of traditional Chinese medicine. World Sci. Technol. Modernization Traditional Chin. Med., 2: 15-18.
  200. Choi, R.C., N.L. Siow, S.Q. Zhu and K.W. Tsim, 2000. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase mediates the expression of AChE in chick myotubes. NeuroReport, 11: 801-806.
    PubMed  |  
  201. Cai, Z.H., P. Li, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2000. Molecular biological identification of the Chinese drug ''Beimu'' (Bulbus Fritillariae). Acta Pharam Sinica, 35: 309-312.
  202. Cai, Z.H., P. Li, S.L. Gao, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 2000. Physiology and biochemical analysis of cultured F. puqiensis during bulb organogenesis. J. Wuhan Botanical Res., 17: 314-318.
  203. Yang, J.F., H. Zhou, R.C. Choi, N.Y. Ip, H.B. Peng and K.W. Tsim, 1999. A cysteine-rich form ofXenopus neuregulin induces the expression of acetylcholine receptors in cultured myotubes. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 13: 415-429.
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  204. Wang, Y.Q., K.Y. Zhou, L.S. Xu and K.W.K. Tsim, 1999. The present situation and application of the molecular identification of Chinese medicinal materials. Prog Pharmaceutical. Sci., 23: 193-198.
  205. Wan, D.C., L.K. Law, D. Ip, W.T. Cheung, W.K. Ho, K.W. Tsim and C.P. Pang, 1999. Lack of allelic association of dopamine D4 receptor gene polymorphisms with Parkinson's disease in a Chinese population. Movement Disorders, 14: 225-229.
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  206. Fu, A.K., F.D. Smith, H. Zhou, A.H. Chu, K.W. Tsim, B.H. Peng and N.Y. Ip, 1999. Xenopus muscle‐specific kinase: Molecular cloning and prominent expression in neural tissues during early embryonic development. Eur. J. Neruosci., 11: 373-382.
    CrossRef  |  
  207. Cai, Z.H., P. Li, T.T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 1999. Molecular diversity of 5S-rRNA spacer domain in Fritillaria species revealed by PCR analysis. Planta Med., 65: 360-364.
    CrossRef  |  
  208. Cai, Z.H., P. Li, S.L. Gao, T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 1999. Studies on tissue culture of Fritillaria puqiensis. J. Nanjing Normal Univ., 22: 175-179.
  209. Cai, Z.H., P. Li, S.L. Gao, T.X. Dong and K.W.K. Tsim, 1999. Isozyme electrophoresis in bulb organogenesis of Fritillaria in vitro. China J. Chinese Mate. Med., 24: 16-20.
  210. Yang, J.F., H. Zhou, S. Pun, N.Y. Ip, H.B. Peng and K.W. Tsim, 1998. Cloning of cDNAs encodingXenopus neuregulin: Expression in myotomal muscle during embryo development. Mol. Brain. Res., 58: 59-73.
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  211. Choi, R.C., S.C. Yam, B. Hui, D.C. Wan and K.W. Tsim, 1998. Over-expression of acetylcholinesterase stimulates the expression of agrin in NG108-15 cells. Neurosci. Lett., 248: 17-20.
    CrossRef  |  
  212. Choi, R.C., L.Y. Yung, T.T. Dong, D.C. Wan, Y.H. Wong and K.W. Tsim, 1998. The calcitonin gene‐related peptide‐induced acetylcholinesterase synthesis in cultured chick myotubes is mediated by cyclic AMP. J. Neurochem., 71: 152-160.
    CrossRef  |  
  213. Zhou, H., T. Muramatsu, W. Halfter, K.W. Tsim and H.B. Peng, 1997. A role of midkine in the development of the neuromuscular junction. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 10: 56-70.
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  214. Yang, J.F., Y.P. Ng, S. Pun, N.Y. Ip and K.W.K. Tsim, 1997. The EGF-like domain of chick acetylcholine receptor-inducing activity (ARIA) contains its full biological activity. FEBS Lett., 403: 163-167.
    CrossRef  |  
  215. Wan, D.C., Y.P. Ng, R.C. Choi, P.W. Cheung, T.T. Dong and K.W. Tsim, 1997. Denervation decreases the ipsilateral expression of AChE in chick lumbaric motor neurons. Neurosci. Lett., 232: 83-86.
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  216. Wan, D.C., S.K. Luk, K.W. Tsim and W.T. Cheung, 1997. Expression and localization of endothelin converting enzyme in rat vas deferens. Life Sci., 60: 1605-1612.
    PubMed  |  
  217. Tsim, K.W., R.C. Choi, T.T. Dong and D.C. Wan, 1997. A Globular, not asymmetric, form of acetylcholinesterase is expressed in chick motor neurons: Down‐regulation toward maturity and after denervation. J. Neurochem., 68: 479-487.
    CrossRef  |  
  218. Pun, S., Y.P. Ng, J.F. Yang, N.Y. Ip and K.W. Tsim, 1997. Agrin‐deficient myotube retains its acetylcholine receptor aggregation ability when challenged with agrin. J. Neurochem., 69: 2555-2563.
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  219. Pun, S., J.F. Yang, Y.P. Ng and K.W. Tsim, 1997. NG108-15 cells express neuregulin that induces AChR α-subunit synthesis in cultured myotubes. FEBS Lett., 418: 275-281.
    CrossRef  |  
  220. Pun, S. and K.W.K. Tsim, 1997. Anti-sense agrin cDNA transfection blocks neuroblastoma cell-induced acetylcholine receptor aggregates when co-cultured with myotubes. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 10: 87-99.
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  221. Ng, Y.P., S. Pun, J.F. Yang, N.Y. Ip and K.W.K. Tsim, 1997. Chick muscle expresses various ARIA isoforms: Regulation during development, denervation and regeneration. Mol. Cell. Neurosci., 9: 132-143.
    CrossRef  |  
  222. Fu, A.K.Y., F.C. Ip, K.O. Lai, K.W.K. Tsim and N.Y. Ip, 1997. Muscle-derived neurotrophin-3 increases the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors in neuron-muscle co-cultures. Neuroreport, 8: 3895-3900.
    PubMed  |  
  223. So, K.L., S. Pun, D.C.C. Wan and K.W.K. Tsim, 1996. Cerebellar granule cells express a specific isoform of agrin that lacks the acetylcholine receptor aggregating activity. FEBS Lett., 379: 63-68.
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  224. Reiss, Y., S. Kroger, J. Grassi, K.W. Tsim, E. Willbold and P.G. Layer 1996. Extracellular and asymmetric forms of acetylcholinesterase are expressed on cholinergic and noncholinergic terminal neuropil of the developing chick retina. Cell Tiss. Res., 286: 13-22.
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  225. Ip, F.C., A.K. Fu, K.W. Tsim and N.Y. Ip, 1996. Differential expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor in skeletal muscle of chick and rat after nerve injury. J. Neurochem., 67: 1607-1612.
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  226. Choia, R.C., P.W. Leung, T.T. Donga, D.C. Wan and K.W. Tsima, 1996. Calcitonin gene-related peptide increases the expression of acetylcholinesterase in cultured chick myotubes. Neuroscience let, 217: 165-168.
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  227. Stadlin, A., H.L. Choi, K.W.K. Tsim and D. Tsang, 1995. Prenatal cocaine exposure revealed minimal postnatal changes in rat striatal dopamine D2 receptor sites and mRNA levels in the offspring. Mol. Neurobiol., 11: 67-76.
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  228. Pun, S. and K.W.K. Tsim, 1995. Truncated form of pro-acetylcholine receptor-inducing activity (ARIA) induces AChR alpha-subunit but not AChE transcripts in cultured chick myotubes. Neurosci Lett., 198: 107-110.
    PubMed  |  
  229. Ip, F.C., A.K. Fu, K.W. Tsim and NY. Ip, 1995. Cloning of the α component of the chick ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor: Developmental expression and down‐regulation in denervated skeletal. J. Neurochem., 65: 2393-2400.
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  230. Tsim, K.W., M.A. Ruegg, G. Escher, S. Kroger and U.J. McMahan, 1992. cDNA that encodes active agrin. Neuron, 8: 677-690.
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  231. Tsim, K.W., I. Greenberg, M. Rimer, W.R. Randall and M.M. Salpeter, 1992. Transcripts for the acetylcholine receptor and acetylcholine esterase show distribution differences in cultured chick muscle cells. J. Cell Biol., 118: 1201-1212.
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  232. Ruegg, M.A., K.W.K. Tsim, S.E. Horton, S. Kroger and G. Escher et al., 1992. The agrin gene codes for a family of basal lamina proteins that differ in function and distribution. Neuron, 8: 691-699.
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  233. Barnard, E.A., D.M.W. Beeson, M.G. Darlison, S.J. Moss, W.R. Randall and K.W.K. Tsim, 1989. Regulation of Acetylcholine Receptors and Acetylcholinesterase in the Innervation of Skeletal Muscle. In: Neuromuscular Junction, Sellin, L.C., R. Libelius and S. Thesleff (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp: 499 514.
  234. Weetman, A.P., C.K. Tse, W.R. Randall, K.W. Tsim and E.A. Barnard, 1988. Acetylcholinesterase antibodies and thyroid autoimmunity. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 71: 96-99.
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  235. Tsim, K.W., W.R. Randall and E.A. Barnard, 1988. Synaptic acetylcholinesterase of chicken muscle changes during development from a hybrid to a homogeneous enzyme. EMBO J., 7: 2451-2456.
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  236. Tsim, K.W., W.R. Randall and E.A. Barnard, 1988. Monoclonal antibodies specific for the different subunits of asymmetric acetylcholinesterase from chick muscle. J. Neurochem., 51: 95-104.
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  237. Tsim, K.W., W.R. Randall and E.A. Barnard, 1988. Identification of a 17 S asymmetric butyrylcholinesterase in chick muscle by monoclonal antibodies. Neurosci Lett., 86: 245-249.
    PubMed  |  
  238. Tsim, K.W., W.R. Randall and E.A. Barnard, 1988. An asymmetric form of muscle acetylcholinesterase contains three subunit types and two enzymic activities in one molecule. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 85: 1262-1266.
    Direct Link  |  
  239. Randall, W.R., K.W. Tsim, J. Lai and E.A. Barnard, 1987. Monoclonal antibodies against chicken brain acetylcholinesterase. Eur. J. Biochem., 164: 95-102.
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  240. Tsim, K.W.K., R.C. Pak and C.H. Cheng, 1985. Prolactin receptor in rat liver: Sex difference in estrogenic stimulation and imprinting of the responsiveness to estrogen by neonatal androgen in male rats. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 40: 99-105.
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  241. Pak, R.C., K.W. Tsim and C.H. Cheng, 1985. The role of neonatal and pubertal gonadal hormones in regulating the sex dependence of the hepatic microsomal testosterone 5-reductase activity in the rat. J. Endocrinol., 106: 71-79.
    PubMed  |  
  242. Tsim, K.W.K. and C.H. Cheng, 1984. Evidence for the involvement of essential sulphydryl group in rat hepatic lactogenic receptor but not in somatogenic receptor. Mol. Cell Endocrinol., 38: 61-66.
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  243. Pak, R.C.K., K.W.K. Tsim and C.H.K. Cheng, 1984. Pubertal gonadal hormones in modulating the testosterone dependency of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in female rats. Pharmacology, 29: 121-127.
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  244. Cheng, C.H.K., K.W.K. Tsim, M.K. Wai and R.C.K. Pak, 1984. Rat hepatic prolactin receptor: Pubertal exposure to sex steroid alters responsively to testosterone. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res., 23: 521-527.
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